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| Aldy, Joseph E.; Barrett, Scott; Stavins, Robert N.. |
| We critically review the Kyoto Protocol and thirteen alternative policy architectures for addressing the threat of global climate change. We employ six criteria to evaluate the policy proposals: environmental outcome, dynamic efficiency, cost effectiveness, equity, flexibility in the presence of new information, and incentives for participation and compliance. The Kyoto Protocol does not fare well on a number of criteria, but none of the alternative proposals fare well along all six dimensions. We identify several major themes among the alternative proposals: Kyoto is "too little, too fast"; developing countries should play a more substantial role and receive incentives to participate; implementation should focus on market-based approaches, especially... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Policy architecture; Kyoto Protocol; Efficiency; Cost effectiveness; Equity; Participation; Compliance; Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10541 |
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| Hrubovcak, James; Vasavada, Utpal; Aldy, Joseph E.. |
| For U.S. agriculture to continue along a sustainable path of economic development, further production increases must be generated by technologies that are both profitable and more environmentally benign. In this context, we assess the role of these green or sustainable technologies in steering agriculture along a more sustainable path. However, the lack of markets for the environmental attributes associated with green technologies can limit their development. In addition, simply making a technology available does not mean it will be adopted. Experience with green technologies such as conservation tillage, integrated pest management, enhanced nutrient management, and precision agriculture demonstrates that even when technologies are profitable, barriers to... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Sustainable agriculture; Natural capital; Nonrenewable resources; Renewable resources; Environmental services; Green technology; Integrated pest management; Conservation tillage; Enhanced nutrient management; Precision agriculture; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33721 |
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| Aldy, Joseph E.. |
| Understanding and considering the distribution of per capita carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is important in designing international climate change proposals and incentives for participation. I evaluate historic international emissions distributions and forecast future distributions to assess whether per capita emissions have been converging or will converge. I find evidence of convergence among 23 member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), whereas emissions appear to be diverging for an 88-country global sample over 1960-2000. Forecasts based on a Markov chain transition matrix provide little evidence of future emissions convergence and indicate that emissions may diverge in the near term. I also review the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Emissions distributions; Environmental Kuznets curve; Markov chain transition matrix; Environmental Economics and Policy; O40; Q54; Q56. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10773 |
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| Aldy, Joseph E.; Stavins, Robert N.. |
| Emissions of greenhouse gases linked with global climate change are affected by diverse aspects of economic activity, including individual consumption, business investment, and government spending. An effective climate policy will have to modify the decision calculus for these activities in the direction of more efficient generation and use of energy, lower carbon-intensity of energy, and – more broadly – a more carbon-lean economy. The only approach to doing this on a meaningful scale that would be technically feasible and cost-effective is carbon pricing, that is, market-based climate policies that place a shadow-price on carbon dioxide emissions. We examine alternative designs of three such instruments – carbon taxes, cap-and-trade, and clean energy... |
| Tipo: Working Paper |
Palavras-chave: Global Climate Change; Market-Based Instruments; Carbon Pricing; Carbon Taxes; Cap-And-Trade; Clean Energy Standards; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q540; Q580; Q400; Q480. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119095 |
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